The Post-Quantum World

Quantum technical debt is the idea that some devices cannot be upgraded to PQC. In this episode, Thorsten Stremlau, a Systems Principal Architect at NVIDIA and Co-Chair of the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) Marketing Work Group, joins host Konstantinos Karagiannis to discuss the critical role of hardware roots of trust in protecting against the quantum computing threat. Stremlau outlines the challenges of integrating heavier PQC algorithms into resource-constrained chips like the Trusted Platform Module (TPM), highlighting technical hurdles such as increased computational intensity, memory bloat, and heightened vulnerability to side-channel and denial-of-service attacks. To counter these quantum threats while maintaining historical stability, the TCG has released the TPM 2.0 library version 1.85 paired with the platform specification 107. This combination leverages built-in crypto-agility to implement mature algorithms like ML-KEM and ML-DSA, while still supporting hybrid classical-quantum models to ensure a smoother migration path for enterprises. 

However, Stremlau issues a stark warning regarding the industry's timeline and the reality of quantum technical debt, revealing that achieving full PQC readiness will require a complete hardware replacement rather than simple in-field firmware updates. Government entities are aggressively mandating PQC compliance for procurement by 2027. But the enterprise sector, particularly critical infrastructure and server environments, faces an incredibly long transition cycle due to a traditional preference for operational stability over rapid upgrades. While a PQC-ready TPM is a foundational piece of the puzzle that secures firmware signing, boot processes and platform attestation, it is not a silver bullet. True quantum resilience requires a defense-in-depth strategy where the entire software and data ecosystem, including AI workloads, edge networks and data pipelines, is systematically upgraded alongside the hardware foundation. 
 
For more information on Trusted Computing Group, visit https://trustedcomputinggroup.org/. 

Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.  
Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker             
Questions and comments are welcome!  
Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.  
The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

What if the timelines for world-changing quantum computing aren’t dictated only by hardware manufacturers, but also by the sheer power of a better idea? In this episode, host Konstantinos Karagiannis sits down with Toby Cubitt, the co-founder and CTO of Phasecraft, to explore how clever mathematics and algorithmic breakthroughs are slashing the requirements for quantum advantage by orders of magnitude. Toby shares how his team has already knocked factors of one million off the gate counts for critical simulations, effectively buying a decade of hardware development through pure software innovation. Q-Day and the shifting goalposts of breaking RSA encryption are a reality, but the discussion also covers revolutionizing the very materials that power our batteries and industrial catalysts.
Beyond the technical benchmarks, Toby pulls back the curtain on the Wild West era of quantum computing, drawing fascinating parallels to the vacuum tubes and mercury delay lines of the 1950s. He also moves on to myths such as: Will AI make quantum computing obsolete? Can you actually run ChatGPT on a quantum processor? Whether you are a business leader looking to "Nitro-inject" your classical optimization workflows or a science enthusiast eager to hear from a world expert who has access to every major quantum machine on the planet (from Google’s Willow chip to IBM and Quantinuum) this episode is a hype-free must. 
For more information on Phasecraft, visit www.phasecraft.io/.

Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.  
Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker             
Questions and comments are welcome!  
Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.  
The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

How do you go from a quantum computing research paper to a circuit you can run on a real machine? Can AI help bridge the gap between complex mathematical theory and functional quantum code? In this episode, Vincent van Wingerden, Director of Strategic Partnerships at Classiq, joins host Konstantinos Karagiannis to discuss the dawn of quantum vibe coding. While traditional quantum programming often requires tedious manual manipulation of gates and hardware-specific constraints, Classiq’s platform introduces a high-level abstraction that allows users to focus on intent rather than implementation. Vincent explains how their AI-driven assistant, powered by Claude, can ingest an academic paper from arXiv and generate a working implementation in minutes, a task that once took experts weeks of effort.  
Beyond the vibe, this episode dives into the practical mechanics of how Classiq’s compiler optimizes code across diverse hardware modalities, from IonQ to IBM. You’ll hear about real-world collaborations with Comcast and AMD, as well as a fascinating example of how an AI agent suggested improvements to an image-edge-detection algorithm that outperformed its original human design. Whether you are a seasoned computer scientist or a curious beginner looking to bypass the gate-level barrier, this conversation reveals how the synergy between high-level languages and AI is dismantling the quantum talent gap and scaling the industry toward the future.  
For more information on Classiq, visit www.classiq.io/.   
An example of quantum code aided by AI https://github.com/Classiq/classiq-library/tree/main/applications/image_processing/quantum_hadamard_edge_detection.

Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.  
Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker             
Questions and comments are welcome!  
Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.  
The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

What if you could crunch numbers on a dataset without ever actually seeing the sensitive information inside? Dr. Kurt Rohloff, co-founder and CTO of Duality Technologies, joins host Konstantinos Karagiannis to explain the wild capabilities of Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), which allows for computation on data while it remains fully encrypted. Because FHE is built on lattice-based cryptography, it offers robust post-quantum security properties right out of the box. Learn how this technology provides end-to-end protection not just for data at rest or in motion, but for data in use. FHE effectively turns the cloud into a secure processing powerhouse where privacy will remain uncompromised even after the threat of quantum computing arrives.  
From revolutionizing rare disease research by aggregating data across global medical centers to identifying international financial criminals without exposing private bank records, the real-world applications Rohloff describes are staggering. He discusses how Duality is replacing months of legal red tape and NDAs with "cup of coffee time" queries and pushing the boundaries of AI by protecting sensitive Large Language Model (LLM) workloads. Whether you're interested in the open-source OpenFHE library or the future of hardware-accelerated privacy, this episode is a deep dive into how we can democratize science and secure the AI tech stack for a post-quantum era.  
For more information on Duality, visit https://dualitytech.com/. 

Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.  
Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker             
Questions and comments are welcome!  
Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.  
The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.

In this landmark five-year special episode, host Konstantinos Karagiannis welcomes Addie LaMarr, a YouTuber and former cryptographer with eight years of experience in the Air Force and a history of writing cybersecurity policy for the Department of Justice. LaMarr identifies 2026 as the “beginning of quantum seriousness,” a year where global regulations are forcing a transition to protect critical data longevity from a growing tsunami of threats. Drawing from her military background, she emphasizes that cryptography is often a matter of life and death, sharing a sobering example of “Identify Friend or Foe” systems where a single cryptographic error can cause an aircraft to be treated as a hostile target.
The conversation also explores the strategic and societal shifts required as quantum computing matures. LaMarr argues that now is the optimum time for cybersecurity professionals to pivot into post-quantum cryptography (PQC) specialization, noting that such a move could yield pay bumps similar to those who transitioned to AI jobs. However, she pairs this optimism with a warning about how massive computational power could be used to build digital twins and manipulate autonomy. Finally, she cautions that the world may not receive a formal warning when Q-Day arrives, as nations will likely hide their quantum breaking capabilities to maintain informational dominance, much like the secrecy surrounding the cracking of the Enigma code in World War II.
For more information on Addie LaMarr, visit www.addielamarr.com/. 

Visit Protiviti at www.protiviti.com/US-en/technology-consulting/quantum-computing-services to learn more about how Protiviti is helping organizations get post-quantum ready.  
Follow host Konstantinos Karagiannis on all socials: @KonstantHacker             
Questions and comments are welcome!  
Theme song by David Schwartz, copyright 2021.  
The views expressed by the participants of this program are their own and do not represent the views of, nor are they endorsed by, Protiviti Inc., The Post-Quantum World, or their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, shareholders, or subsidiaries.  None of the content should be considered investment advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell, or as an endorsement of any company, security, fund, or other securities or non-securities offering. Thanks for listening to this podcast. Protiviti Inc. is an equal opportunity employer, including minorities, females, people with disabilities, and veterans.